10 Tips for Art History Students

An Outline Of An Essay - 828 Words

Economical Outline Nikol Shapiro 1 Pastoralists/Nomads. Animals. Raised horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and camels. Hunted rabbits, bears, wolves, deer, pheasants, ducks, foxes, antelope. Livestock. Moved many times a year for water and grass for the herd. Fragile system, it’d be bad if things went wrong like: Disease among people or animals. Snow storms. Cold temperatures. Droughts. Raised horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and camels. Depended and enjoyed trading with neighboring civilizations. Sheep were the most useful livestock they had. Could be turned into mutton. Wool and skin were used for clothing. Animal dung was used as a fuel resource. Along with wood though. Wool and skin was also used for blankets and rugs. Agriculturalists. Women: Household duties, childcare duties, created clothing, milked animals. Alongside all their duties, women helped take care of sheep and planting and harvesting. Men: Tended to cattle, horses, camels, and hunted. Tended sheep alongside women. Constructed dwellings and plant, irrigate, weed, and harvest. 13th and 14th century. 1215-1360. A huge economic boost in the Mongolian Empire was reestablishing the Silk Road under one country. Helped merchants travel safer and more efficiently. The Mongols got to tax a lot from the people who used their Silk Road. 1227. Genghis Khan ordered the monetary system to use paper money along with coins; effectively helped the economy while controlling the politics and culture. 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Business Strategy and Marketing Channels Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Business Strategy and Marketing Channels. Answer: Introduction Chick-fil-A has decided to set up business in UK market. As a marketing consultant, an environment study needs to be conducted to highlight the pros and cons for the same. The report does a quick analysis on three of the external environment factors to check whether the market would prove a potential to an already successful Chick-fill-A in UK. It will hence assess the current scenario and make recommendations to create a plan of action. To check the current market potential for Chick-fil-A, external environment analysis was conducted and the factors were weighed in favour of Chick-fil-A to set up in UK. It is for this reason that a detailed PESTEL analysis was conducted. PESTEL analysis is usually the model analysis to be conducted to gauge the environment factors outside the direct control of an organization. The analysis is an audit of the factors which further assists in making strategic decisions. For the purpose of project, three factors such as sociological, technological and environmental were considered for now to research. PESTEL was conducted for UK as macro environment. PESTEL is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal study. It gives a snapshot view of the situations, in terms of external environment and which are out of direct control of the organization; the business might be in. Such an analysis is favourable to conduct to make sure the strategies to conduct business in a new territory by a business firm or to understand the market (Wilson, 2010). Not only that, even in changing market dimension, it is advisable to use this strategic tool periodically to help pick up new trends and make changes in strategy of conducting business. This is because, a change in environment may become a critical situation for the survival of business or may have severe consequences if modifications are not made accordingly. Advantages Disadvantages Simple, easy to use framework Users tend to simplify the already simplified information and may take important highlights lightly Uses cross functional skills and expertise by different business heads Organizations deter from conducting the analysis periodically and do not invest in it Reduces threats and potential impacts from the environment Too much information sends users to confusion, stress and paralysis by analysis forgetting the objective of the tool Encourages careful planning and developmental execution of strategic decisions The process is time consuming and requires investment, organizations leave out key people, hence the analysis as well as the decisions may not turn out to be effective as there are missing perspectives Acts as a tool to identify new opportunities and utilize them Owing to the cost and the time required for analysis access to strategic information may be restricted Helps understand the implications of entering new markets Data uncovered is mostly assumptions, use is subjective PESTEL analysis results do not prove to be fruitful in the long run. Also, only considering the macro environment to analyse the threats or barriers to setting up business is not useful or complete (Steenkamp, 2017). United Kingdom stands out to be one of the largest economies in EU. It is the strongest in social welfare and standard of living. It has a very strong democratic system, however, owing to them following a Westminster system in politics, equal distribution of power between, departments led by prime minister, their judiciary and bicameral legislature often causes friction. Then, there is the concern of rising debt of the Government. With respect to Chick-fil-A, analysis of environment was conducted for Social, Technology and Environmental factors to see the feasibility of the brand to set up business in UK. Some of the social factors that were taken into consideration are: Distribution of age Population growth Employment percentage Income levels Education/career level Religious inclinations Cultural/social conventions UK has high social standards which make it an overall all around better environment to conducting business. UK also has strong education infrastructure in place. It has history supporting the fact and that even today it attracts students from across the globe. It has around 170 universities and higher education institutes, including 3 ranking among the worlds top 3. Its healthcare proves to be one of the most successful social welfare venture. Owing to evolving technology and private sector involvement, it has become a strong opportunity point for UK (Key et al. 2017, p. 593). UK has high public expenditure on this front and owing to that it maintains efficiency and quality as well. Some of the challenges are child poverty and high dependency ratio. Government has made a target to eliminate child poverty by 2020 and in the last decade has taken up considerable measures to reduce the percentage. Today, it stands 16th in world rankings amongst OECD countries. Owing to the recent global recession, income levels have further dropped and the dependency ratio has increased. UK is tackling the matter with managed immigration tools (Ganguly et al. 2017, p. 1750016). The positives of this environment are: Many Free public services such as medical etc. Densely populated Cosmopolitan environment, a good mix of migrants ensure there is cheap workforce available Standard of living is high Negatives of this environment are: Dependency ratio is high and increasing Some migrant and ethnic groups create unrest Education costs are steep UK faces challenges though in maintaining the levels of public services it has to offer. Scarcity of funds makes it difficult for it to maintain the services For Chick-fil-A, this means that this may be a fair to conducive environment for conducting business as: Cheap workforce would be available as staff for conducting business Since standard of living is high, people may not face issues with pricing With a mixed ethnicity in population, tastes of people drawn towards the products and services of Chick-fil-A may turn out good with may be moderation in its menu to suit the taste of UK people Population is high means there may be wide market to cater to Since the education costs are high, staff education requirements for hiring may have to be relaxed at higher positions Training exercises need to be more rigorous Dependency ratio higher could mean more children or senior in a family, there may be budget constraints when opting for the product, some product offering prices may need to be customized In terms of technological factor, it could be divided into manufacturing and infrastructure. Some of the activities under technological factors play a big role in gaining or losing market share such as: Automation Cost savings Incentives Improved process and end product Measures to cut costs and improved flexibility Changes in technological factors could change the way competitors conduct business, affects pricing and rate at which goods or services are being offered. It is highly capable of impacting business on a big scale (Johansson and Kask, 2017, p.331). UK is a MEDC (More Economically Developed Country) and has access to good technology. However, a point to be noted is that there is a considerable decline in number of patent applications. This may be pointing towards declining technological competitiveness for UK in future. Currently, UK is picking up in adoption and RD of lot of new upcoming technologies like nanotechnology, space tourism, renewable energy etc. despite being high on investment and uncertainty filled returns, persistent companies may find a breakthrough (Keegan and Rowley, 2017, p. 127). So, there is tremendous scope for new industries owing to a strong technology base prevalent in the nation. Innovation skills Good quality standards Advanced in Science and Technology Intellectual Property Rights laws are in place and effectively managed by the Govt. Internal competition stimulates growth For Chick-fil-A the positives and the negatives point towards an advantage it has owing to its origin in US. It has access to advanced technology than UK and its quality and innovation standards are better. Owing to this, it stands a good chance for conducting business in UK (Nath and Mahajan, 2017, p.99). Also, social media has given business across the globe a new edge. With the opportunity of free communication with consumers, social media today takes the marketing to a whole new level of transparency. Chick-fil-A has a huge following on social media in US. It requires repeating the strategy, albeit with modification to UK sentiments, and could create a similar engagement with UK (Line and Wang, 2017, p. 127). In terms of environmental factors, some of the aspects to be considered are: Environmental Ecological Regulations Sustainability Adverse weather impacts Carbon footprint policies It is to be noted that UK has a very strong influence towards environmental issues. UK is a global power in industrialization, with its ties with large many countries, powerful influence on Commonwealth, membership of G8 often obtains commitments from countries not so developed who do not want to forego their ambitions for growth and development in return for protection of environment. However, itself, it faces high levels of pollution, mostly affecting London, Glasgow, Manchester and Birmingham. When talking about renewable energy market, UK has been promising and has shown good CAGR unlike France and Germany, who have been meagre in their performance in this field. Also, the carbon footprint in the country is declining (Helo et al. 2017, p. 38). Hence to sum up, UKs current strengths are strong global influence and good track record in implementation of policies while challenge is already high air pollution. One of the future risks on this front is its ability to balance out the economic developments with environment protection policies. Hope is with evolving technological advancements happening in the nation, it may find a balancing point. Also, since the decline in industrial sector, it has already affected the environment by putting less pressure on it. What it could mean for Chick-fil-A is adhering to strict environment protection laws. US already has strict environment protection laws existent to which Chick-fil-A adheres to, moderation on some technicalities may be needed but this does not pose to be a threat to organization (Burford and Chan, 2017, p. 155). Critical Evaluation As a management consultant, responsibility covers the thorough analysis of the environment and shed light to vital points that could impact the business of the organization. To start with, post BREXIT, UK negotiation powers are decreased. Like Canada negotiating with US. Europe is still a big part of market for UK (Benyoussef and Zaiem, 2017, p. 337). Brexit means, UK now could have its own negotiations and deals with non-EU countries. UK has a high potential as a market. With its policy of managed migrations it is trying its level best to combat high dependency ratio of the country suffering with an aging population. It has a large consumer and B2B base, specifically strong in high technology sectors (Felix et al. 2017, p. 121). Education is fine in UK with its education levels revered across the globe despite being pricey. UK market turns out to be few of the most rewarding and interesting ones. There is high competition in UK and every global start-up has a spot in UK. Entrepreneu rs are flocking to London to make best use of its every evolving market. PESTLE analysis of UK as a market seems inadequate by itself (Keegan and Rowley, 2017, p. 451). The PESTLE analysis audits the environmental factors but the factors are so dynamic and fast changing. It is quite tricky to predict why and how the factors may affect the business. This implies that despite thorough analysis, there could still be level of uncertainty which undermines its very requirement to rule out the uncertainties. Also, it is difficult to just present a simple list of factors that could affect the project. It is necessary to evaluate the impact in detail to point out the implications appropriately. The accuracy of PESTEL analysis is mostly dependent of the details of data collected, how reliable it is and how much accurate. This is a time and cost consuming process (Harker and Bennan, 2017, p. 831). The analysis conducted for UK turns out to be still incomplete as only three factors were evaluated. Detailed study needs to be conducted and mapped to the organizations current functions to check the value of impact. Chick-fill-A needs to have detailed reports procured even in the three contexts in which the report presents itself (French, 2017, p. 29). In terms of social impact, UK declining working age group may be of concern however dependency ratio is not an accurate indicator of social age map. Further research requires to be done. Even in terms of environment protection policy, proper mapping requires to be done to understand the additional investment that may be required (Paladines et al. 2017, p. 215) Even in terms of technology, even though UK is far behind US in its innovation, UK has high standards of RD in it country and it may prove to be beneficial to Chick-fil-A. Overall, the findings point toward a good business centre potential for Chick-fil-A but whether it should set up business in the country requires further research and digging to know the complete picture and any strategic decision should be put on hold till it is clear (Line and Wang, 2017, p. 127). It is also important to point out that along with analysis of macro environment, Chick-fil-A should also invest to find out shortcomings and opportunities in its internal environment to get a complete picture of the barriers that could present itself while setting up business in UK. A thorough analysis of competitors and actions in the same industry in UK is also recommended. Recommendations Some of the recommendations that would like to present to management are: Owing to a high dependency ratio certain changes in pricing structure could be made Locations which are low on social unrest history could be picked up for safer environment to conduct business Since there is a cosmopolitan society and mostly posh lifestyle, targeting public with customized or suitably modified offering in terms of products and services for events could be a great idea Environment factors need to be checked thoroughly and suitable arrangements if needed needs to be made for lower carbon footprint as the nation is inclined towards innovation and application of renewable energy Could essentially prove to be a good halt before venturing out into further EU territories as UK is the biggest market in EU Other analysis, along with PESTEL to be conducted like Porters five forces model, STEEP etc. Internal environment analysis should be conducted by Chick-fil-A Competitors analysis should also be conducted Conclusion So, in the end, considering the analysis conducted on 3 factors from the macro environment i.e. technology, social factors and environment policies, the analysis points out towards the following: Aging population, religious differences and ethic friction are a rising concern, its only advantage is the literacy rate Amongst other EU member countries, UK, when it was a part of EU fared well and above average among most members in terms of innovation and technology. Post Brexit, effects are still to be noticed but the knowledge remain its capacity. That should act as good brace for Chick-fil-A Since 90s, UK has fared good in terms of pollution check and handling environmental pressure. This could be one of the good indicators and may or may not pose to be a barrier to entry in market. US already has good and strong federal laws in place for environment protection. Hence, this may not be a new challenge for Chick-fil-A Reference List Steenkamp, J.B., 2017.Global Brand Strategy: World-wise Marketing in the Age of Branding. Springer. Wilson, R.M., 2010.Strategic marketing planning. Routledge. Benyoussef Zghidi, A. and Zaiem, I., 2017. Service orientation as a strategic marketing tool: The moderating effect of business sector.Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal,27(1), pp. 333-367 Burford, M.R. and Chan, K., 2017. Refining a strategic marketing course: Is a flipa good fit?.Journal of Strategic Marketing,25(2), pp.152-163. Felix, R., Rauschnabel, P.A. and Hinsch, C., 2017. Elements of strategic social media marketing: A holistic framework.Journal of Business Research,70, pp.118-126. French, J., 2017. The Importance of Segmentation in Social Marketing Strategy. InSegmentation in Social Marketing(pp. 25-40). Springer Singapore. Ganguly, A., Das, N. and Farr, J.V., 2017. The Role of Marketing Strategies in Successful Disruptive Technologies.International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, p.1750016. Harker, M.J. and Bennan, R., 2017. The strategy and tactics of cases in marketing education. InThe Customer is NOT Always Right? Marketing Orientationsin a Dynamic Business World(pp. 826-829). Springer, Cham. Helo, P., Gunasekaran, A. and Rymaszewska, A., 2017. Improving Marketing and Operations Strategy Through Industrial Services. InDesigning and Managing Industrial Product-Service Systems(pp. 37-42). Springer International Publishing. Johansson, T. and Kask, J., 2017. Configurations of business strategy and marketing channels for e-commerce and traditional retail formats: A Qualitative Comparison Analysis (QCA) in sporting goods retailing.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,34, pp.326-333. Keegan, B.J. and Rowley, J., 2017. Evaluation and decision-making in social media marketing.Management Decision,55(1), pp. 123-489 Key, M., Clark, T., Feng, S., Ferrell, O.C., Price, L., Stewart, D. and Rajaratnam, D., 2017. Is the Marketing Function Influential or Not? We Should Really Be the Ones to Know!. InCreating Marketing Magic and Innovative Future Marketing Trends(pp. 591-594). Springer, Cham. Line, N.D. and Wang, Y., 2017. Market-Oriented Destination Marketing: An Operationalization.Journal of Travel Research,56(1), pp.122-135. Nath, P. and Mahajan, V., 2017. Shedding light on the CMO revolving door: a study of the antecedents of Chief Marketing Officer turnover.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,45(1), pp.93-118. Paladines, F., Tandazo, C.G. and Fernndez, V.A.M., 2017. The Situation of Digital Strategic Communication in Ecuador and Other Countries in Latin America: The Management of the Community Manager. InMedia and Metamedia Management(pp. 213-219). Springer International Publishing. Chick-fil-A. (2017).Who We Are. Available at: https://www.chick-fil-a.com/About/Who-We-Are [Accessed 1 May 2017].

Perfume Baldini Paragraph Essay Example

Perfume Baldini Paragraph Paper This passage is important because it reveals a lot about Baldini’s character. One phrase or sentence which starts revealing Baldini’s character is â€Å"here everything flowed away from you the empty and the heavily laden ships. The rowboats, and the flat bottomed punts of the fishermen, the dirty brown and the golden-curled water everything flowed away, slowly, broadly and inevitably†. There is quite a contrast within the phrase, â€Å"the empty and heavily laden ships† is the contrast between Baldini’s life and life itself. The empty ships represent Baldini’s empty life, how he has nothing left of himself. The heavily laden ships represent the life of Paris, or actually life itself. Life is being difficult and ‘heavy’ as in the sense of a burden. Baldini’s life is empty while the actual life of Paris is quite a burden. The phrase also twists the symbolic view of water, which is seen (symbolically) as pure or life. But here the water is â€Å"dirty brown and the golden-curled†. Dirty water is symbolic of impurity, or a dirtied life. Then the imagery of everything flowing away from Baldini shows his actual weak character. The river here can be seen as change, simply flowing away with Baldini’s fortune itself and himself. â€Å"He had made a mistake buying a house on the bridge, and a second when he selected one on the western side† the phrase here has symbolic uses for Baldini’s life and character. A bridge is symbolic of something that connects things. So when a river divides a city, a bridge will connect it again. Baldini’s house is on a bridge, right between East and West. The east side symbolises life or a new beggining, whereas the west symbolises death or the end. Baldini is right in the middle, he is an outcast for he has chosen neither east or west, but to be someone between life and death. We will write a custom essay sample on Perfume Baldini Paragraph specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Perfume Baldini Paragraph specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Perfume Baldini Paragraph specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The last important phrase to note about is â€Å"Because constantly before his eyes now was a river flowing from him: and it was as if he himself and his and the wealth he had accumulated over many decades were flowing away like the river, while he was too weak to oppose the powerful current.† The river here is magnet, pulling at Baldini like a nail, pulling away his fortune, his life and everything he stands for. This simple phrases shows how truly weak Baldini’s character is, for he is simply allowing the current to take him, without even trying to fight. The river is used here in the paragraph not as a giver of life or hope, but as a change in life and a dirty thing taking everything of Baldini’s. The contrast, imagery and symbolic elements in this paragraph is quite importantly used here for it shows the weak Baldini and the ever changing life around him. Baldini views his life as wasted, for he is losing his business, his pride and everything he once valued in life.

Anna Morandi Manzolini essays

Anna Morandi Manzolini essays There have been many famous men and women scientists throughout the centuries. Although most of the time its men who get recognition, women scientists get their moment of glory as well. Previous women scientists have inspired many women scientists of today. In the 18th Century many women werent able to go to school and get the proper education that men did at the time. That didnt stop all women who wanted to learn, such as Anna Morandi Manzolini. Morandi went to school, studied, and later became famous as s physician. Many people admire Anna Manzolini because of her efforts to not quit and continue to reach for her goals in life. She never let anyone get in the way of her dreams. In 1716 Anna was born in Italy. Her mentor was her father whom she loved very dearly. Since she wasnt able to go to school like boys her own age, she had a small laboratory on her kitchen table that she would play with. When she became older and got married to Mr. Manzolini, they both went to the University of Bologna, Italy. Her main focus of her work was on human organs. Out of wax, she would make figures such as eyes, hands and almost anything that have to do with the human body. Both her and her husband were interested in this type of work. They would help and give lessons in their own house to surgeons and medical students on how to make wax figures. They both loved there work in human anatomy and the creation of wax figures, but it didnt last for one of them. When Manzonlini was 39 years old, her husband pasted away and she took over his position and became a faculty member at the University. Even though he died, she didnt stop working instead she continued what her and her h usband left behind. In 1761 Dr. Manzolini became the Chairperson of the Anatomical Modeling Department. While being the Chairperson, at the same time she made a wax portrait or her husband dissecting a heart. She a ...

Battle of Berlin in World War II

Battle of Berlin in World War II The Battle of Berlin was a sustained and ultimately successful attack on the German city by the Allied forces in the Soviet Union from April 16–May 2, 1945, during World War II (1939–1945). Armies Commanders Allies: Soviet Union Marshal Georgy ZhukovMarshal Konstantin RokossovskyMarshal Ivan KonevGeneral Vasily Chuikovapprox. 2,500,000 men Axis: Germany General Gotthard HeinriciGeneral Kurt von TippelskirchField Marshal Ferdinand Schà ¶rnerLieutenant General Hellmuth ReymannGeneral Helmuth WeidlingMajor General Erich Brenfngerapprox. 766,750 men Background Having driven across Poland and into Germany, Soviet forces began planning for an offensive against Berlin. Though supported by American and British aircraft, the campaign would be entirely conducted by the Red Army on the ground. General Dwight D. Eisenhower saw no reason to sustain losses for an objective that would ultimately fall into the Soviet occupation zone after the war. For the offensive, the Red Army massed Marshal Georgy Zhukovs 1st Belorussian Front to the east of Berlin with Marshal Konstantin Rokossovkys 2nd Belorussian Front to the north and Marshal Ivan Konevs 1st Ukrainian Front to the south. Opposing the Soviets was General Gotthard Heinricis Army Group Vistula supported by Army Group Centre to the south. One of Germanys premier defensive generals, Heinrici elected not to defend along the Oder River and instead heavily fortified the Seelow Heights east of Berlin. This position was supported by successive lines of defenses extending back to the city as well as by inundating the Oders floodplain by opening reservoirs. Defense of the capital proper was tasked to Lieutenant General Helmuth Reymann. Though their forces looked strong on paper, Heinrici and Reymanns divisions were badly depleted. The Attack Begins Moving forward on April 16, Zhukovs men assaulted the Seelow Heights. In one of the last major pitched battles of World War II in Europe, the Soviets captured the position after four days of fighting but sustained over 30,000 killed. To the south, Konevs command captured Forst and broke into open country south of Berlin. While part of Konevs forces swung north towards Berlin, another pressed west to unite with advancing American troops. These breakthroughs saw Soviet troops nearly envelop the German 9th Army. Pushing westward, 1st Belorussian Front approached Berlin from the east and northeast. On April 21, its artillery began shelling the city. Encircling the City As Zhukov drove on the city, the 1st Ukrainian Front continued to make gains to the south. Driving back the northern part of Army Group Center, Konev compelled that command to retreat towards Czechoslovakia. Pushing forward north of Juterbog on April 21, his troops passed south of Berlin. Both of these advances were supported by Rokossovsky to the north who was advancing against the northern part of Army Group Vistula. In Berlin, Adolf Hitler began to despair and concluded that the war was lost. In an effort to rescue the situation, the 12th Army was ordered east on April 22 in the hope it could unite with 9th Army. The Germans then intended for the combined force to aid in defending the city. The next day, Konevs front completed the encirclement of the 9th Army while also engaging the lead elements of the 12th. Unhappy with Reymanns performance, Hitler replaced him with General Helmuth Weidling. On April 24, elements of Zhukov and Konevs fronts met west of Berlin completing the encirclement of the city. Consolidating this position, they began probing the citys defenses. While Rokossovsky continued to advance in the north, part of Konevs front met the American 1st Army at Torgau on April 25. Outside of the City With Army Group Centre disengaging, Konev faced two separate German forces in the form of the 9th Army which was trapped around Halbe and the 12th Army which was attempting to break into Berlin. As the battle progressed, 9th Army attempted to break out and was partially successful with around 25,000 men reaching 12th Armys lines. On April 28/29, Heinrici was to be replaced by General Kurt Student.  Until Student could arrive (he never did), command was given to General Kurt von Tippelskirch. Attacking northeast, General Walther Wencks 12th Army had some success before being halted 20 miles from the city at Lake Schwielow. Unable to advance and coming under attack, Wenck retreated towards the Elbe and U.S. forces. The Final Battle Within Berlin, Weidling possessed around 45,000 men composed of Wehrmacht, SS, Hitler Youth, and Volkssturm militia. Initial Soviet assaults on Berlin began on April 23, a day before the city was encircled. Striking from the southeast, they met heavy resistance but reached the Berlin S-Bahn railway near Teltow Canal by the following evening. On April 26, Lieutenant General Vasily Chuikovs 8th Guards Army advanced from the south and attacked Tempelhof Airport. By the next day, Soviet forces were pushing into the city along multiple lines from the south, southeast, and north. Early on April 29, Soviet troops crossed Moltke Bridge and began attacks on the Interior Ministry. These were slowed by a lack of artillery support. After capturing Gestapo headquarters later that day, the Soviets pressed on to the Reichstag. Assaulting the iconic building the next day, they succeeded in famously hoisting a flag over it after hours of brutal fighting. A further two days were needed to completely clear the Germans from the building. Meeting with Hitler early on April 30, Weidling informed him that the defenders would soon run out of ammunition. Seeing no other option, Hitler authorized Weidling to attempt a breakout. Unwilling to leave the city and with the Soviets nearing, Hitler and Eva Braun, who were married on April 29, remained in the Fà ¼hrerbunker and then committed suicide later in the day. With Hitlers death, Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz became president while Joseph Goebbels, who was in Berlin, became chancellor. On May 1, the citys remaining 10,000 defenders were forced into a shrinking area in the city center. Though General Hans Krebs, Chief of the General Staff, opened surrender talks with Chuikov, he was prevented from coming to terms by Goebbels who wished to continue the fight. This ceased to be an issue later in the day when Goebbels committed suicide.? Though the way was clear to surrender, Krebs elected to wait until the following morning so that a breakout could be attempted that night. Moving forward, the Germans sought to escape along three different routes. Only those who passed through the Tiergarten had success penetrating the Soviet lines, though few successfully reached American lines. Early on May 2, Soviet forces captured the Reich Chancellery. At 6:00 am, Weidling surrendered with his staff. Taken to Chuikov, he promptly ordered all remaining German forces in Berlin to surrender. Battle of Berlin Aftermath The Battle of Berlin effectively ended fighting on the Eastern Front and in Europe as a whole. With Hitlers death and complete military defeat, Germany unconditionally surrendered on May 7. Taking possession of Berlin, the Soviets worked to restore services and distribute food to the citys inhabitants. These efforts at humanitarian aid were somewhat marred by some Soviet units which plundered the city and assaulted the populace. In the fighting for Berlin, the Soviets lost 81,116 killed/missing and 280,251 wounded. German casualties are a matter of debate with early Soviet estimates being as high as 458,080 killed and 479,298 captured. Civilian losses may have been as high as 125,000.

Drugs and disease in Dorian Gray and Dracula Essay

Drugs and disease in Dorian Gray and Dracula - Essay Example Hungry for power, control and the bustle of a busy court, Dracula seeks to find dominion and lordship in new lands and has a most terrifying means of obtaining it – by destroying the lives of others as he converts them one drop of blood at a time, into his own personal slaves. However, a closer look at the character of Dracula reveals that the nature of evil is not necessarily the ugly, vile, immediately recognizable thing these types of interpretations suggest. Dracula instead presents himself as a well-mannered country gentleman who can easily charm his way into genteel company. In a similar mix of outward charm and inner brutality, Dorian Gray, the starring character in Oscar Wilde’s Portrait of Dorian Gray, has all the outward appearances of youth and beauty as well as the education, intellect and natural charm to ease his way into any company he wishes to keep, but finds himself also the force of destructive evil in the lives of the young people he knows, eventuall y leading to the destruction of the one true friend he had ever really had. In each instance, Dorian Gray and Dracula reflect outward beauty and a natural charm yet each is a force of destruction that can only exist on the edges of society, never in the thick of the action. Both Dorian Gray and Dracula are portrayed as among the upper class elite of society in many ways, not the least of which is their appearance or proper use of upper class mannerisms. The words of Lord Henry perhaps best express the outward impression given by the aspect of Dorian Gray to Wilde’s Victorian audience: â€Å"Beauty is a form of Genius – is higher, indeed, than Genius as it needs no explanation. It is one of the great facts of the world, like sunlight, or spring-time, or the reflection in dark waters of that silver shell we call the moon. It cannot be questioned. It has its divine right of sovereignty† (Wilde, 1891, p. 23). Such an expression was incarnate in the figure of Dorian